NATALIE: Dave, I’m worried about our case study. I’ve done a bit of reading, but I’m not sure what’s involved in actually writing a case study – I missed the lecture where Dr Baker talked us through it.
DAVE: OK, well it’s quite straightforward. We’ve got our focus – that’s tourism at the Horton Castle site. And you said you’d done some reading about it.
NATALIE: Yes, I found some articles and made notes of the main points.
DAVE: Did you remember to keep a record of where you got the information from? 【Q21】
NATALIE: Sure. I know what a pain it is when you forget that.
DAVE: OK, so we can compare what we’ve read. Then we have to decide on a particular problem or need at our site. And then think about who we’re going to interview to get more information.
NATALIE: OK. So who’d that be? The people who work there 【Q22】? And presumable some of the tourists too?
DAVE: Yes, both those groups. So we’ll have to go to the site to do that, I suppose. But we might also do some of our interviewing away from the site – we could even contact some people here in the city, like administrators involved in overseeing tourism. 【Q23】
NATALIE: OK. So we’ll need to think about our interview questions and fix times and places for the meetings. It’s all going to take a lot of time.
DAVE: Mmm. And if we can, we should ask our interviewees if they can bring along some numerical data that we can add to support our findings.
NATALIE: And photographs?
DAVE: I think we have plenty of those already. But Dr Baker also said we have to establish with our interviewees whether we can identify them in our case study, or whether they want to be anonymous. 【Q24】
NATALIE: Oh, I wouldn’t have thought of that. OK, once we’ve got all this information, I suppose we have to analyse it.
DAVE: Yes, put it all together and choose what’s relevant to the problem we’re focusing on, and analyse that carefully to find out if we can identify any trends or regularities 【Q25】 there. That’s the main thing at this stage, rather can concentrating on details or lots of facts.
NATALIE: OK. And then once we’ve analysed that, what next?
DAVE: Well, then we need to think about what we do with the data we’ve selected to make it as clear as possible to our readers. Things like graphs, or tables, or charts.
NATALIE: Right.
DAVE: Then the case study itself is mostly quite standard; we begin by presenting the problem, and giving some background, then go through the main sections, but the thing that surprised me is that in a normal report we’d end with some suggestions to deal with the problem or need we identified, but in a case study we end up with a question or a series of questions to our readers, and they decide what ought to be done. 【Q26】
NATALIE: Oh, I hadn’t realised that.
NATALIE: So basically, the problem we’re addressing in our case study of the Horton Castle site is why so few tourists are visiting it. And we’ll find out more from our interviews, but I did find one report on the internet that suggested that one reason might be because as far as transport goes, access is difficult.
DAVE: I read that too, but that report was actually written ten years ago, when the road there was really bad, but that’s been improved now. And I think there’s plenty of fascinating stuff there for a really good day out, but you’d never realise it from the castle website – maybe that’s the problem. 【Q27】
NATALIE: Yes, it’s really dry and boring.
DAVE: I read somewhere a suggestion that what the castle needs is a visitor centre. So we could have a look for some information about that on the internet. What would we need to know?
NATALIE: Well, who’d use it for a start. It’s be good to know what categories the visitors fell into too, like school parties or retired people, but I think we’d have to talk to staff to get that information.
DAVE: OK. And as we’re thinking of suggesting a visitor centre we’d also have to look at potential problems. I mean, obviously it wouldn’t be cheap to set up.
NATALIE: No, but it could be a really good investment. And as it’s on a historical site it’d need to get special planning permission, I expect. That might be hard. 【Q28】
DAVE: Right, especially as the only possible place for it would be at the entrance, and that’s right in front of the castle.
NATALIE: Mmm.
DAVE: But it could be a good thing for the town of Horton. At present it’s a bit of a ghost town. Once they’ve left school and got any skills or qualifications, the young people all get out as fast as they can to get jobs in the city, and the only people left are children and those who’ve retired. 【Q29】
NATALIE: Right. Something else we could investigate would be the potential damage that tourists might cause to the castle site, I mean their environmental impact. At present the tourists can just wander round wherever they want, but if numbers increase, there might have to be some restrictions, like sticking to marked ways. And there’d need to be guides and wardens around to make sure these were enforced. 【Q30】
DAVE: Yes, we could look at that too. OK, well …
Complete the flow-chart below
Choose SIX answers from the box and write the correct letter, A-H, next to Questions 21-26.
听前预测：定位词 articles、key information；提示词 noting、and also。
题目解析：我们先是听到了含定位词的信息“I found some articles and made notes of the main points”，其中 main points 和题干 key information 为同义替换，接下来男生问“Did you remember to keep a record of where you got the information from?”， 其中 a record of…got from 意为“信息的来源”，与 C 选项的 sources 为同义替换，因此答案为 C。
听前预测：定位词 interviewees；提示词 site。此处应填表示人的名词，答案可以锁定为 E 或者 H。
题目解析：首先听到“So who’d that be?”，其中 who 对应的是 interviewees，且说明接下来要提到我们预测的和人有关的名词了。紧接着答案就出现了“The people who work there?”对应 E 选项的 employees，因此答案为 E。
听前预测：定位词 visitors、city；提示词 or。此处同样应填表示人的名词，答案可以锁定为 E 或者 H（由于第 22 题答案为 E，可初步判断本题答案为 H）。
题目解析：首先我们听到“we might also do some of our interviewing away from the site”，其中 also 提示我们接下来要讲到别的人了，紧接着我们在定位词 city 后听到了答案对应信息 like administrators，对应 officials，因此答案为 H。
听前预测：定位词 interviewees；提示词 check、whether、be used。
题目解析：在听到上一行 statistics 的对应信息 numerical data 之后，出现了答案对应信息 “we have to establish with our interviewees whether we can identify them in our case study, or whether they want to be anonymous”，答案在定位词 interviewees 后面由 whether 引导的这个从句中，而这两个 whether 从句讲的分别是“公开身份”和“保持匿名”，所以我们可以判断出答案应该是 B 选项的 names。
听前预测：定位词 relevant；提示词 and、identify。
题目解析：首先我们听到了定位词 relevant，然后听到了提示词 and，后面接了答案对应信息“analyse that carefully to find out if we can identify any trends or regularities”，该题目相对简单，因为答案前面的关键动词 identify 没有被替换掉，所以只需要明白此处的 trends or regularities 对应 A 选项中的 patterns 即可。
听前预测：定位词 end with；提示词 do NOT。
题目解析：首先我们听到了前一句中的关键词 background，随即听到“in a normal report we’d end with some suggestions”，但 suggestions 并不能找到对应的选项。其次我们接下来听到的转折连词 but 告诉我们答案应该在后面“but in a case study we end up with a question or a series of questions”，结合提示词 do NOT，因此答案为 F（选项 D 的反向说法）。